CLXXXVIII. Zlib Compression Functions

Introduction

This module enables you to transparently read and write gzip (.gz) compressed files, through versions of most of the filesystem functions which work with gzip-compressed files (and uncompressed files, too, but not with sockets).

Note: Version 4.0.4 introduced a fopen-wrapper for .gz-files, so that you can use a special zlib: URL to access compressed files transparently using the normal f*() file access functions if you prefix the filename or path with zlib: when calling fopen(). This feature requires a C runtime library that provides the fopencookie() function. Up to now the GNU libc seems to be the only library that provides this feature.
In PHP 4.3.0, zlib: has been changed to compress.zlib:// to prevent ambiguities with filenames containing ':' characters. The fopencookie() function is not longer required. More information is available in the section about the Section called Compression Streams in Appendix O.

Requirements

This module uses the functions of zlib by Jean-loup Gailly and Mark Adler. You have to use a zlib version >= 1.0.9 with this module.

Installation

Zlib support in PHP is not enabled by default. You will need to configure PHP --with-zlib[=DIR]

The windows version of PHP has built in support for this extension. You do not need to load any additional extension in order to use these functions.

Note: Built-in support for zlib on Windows is available with PHP 4.3.0.

Runtime Configuration

The behaviour of these functions is affected by settings in php.ini.

The zlib extension offers the option to transparently compress your pages on-the-fly, if the requesting browser supports this. Therefore there are three options in the configuration file php.ini.

Table 1. Zlib Configuration Options

Name	Default	Changeable	Changelog
zlib.output_compression	"0"	PHP_INI_ALL	Available since PHP 4.0.5.
zlib.output_compression_level	"-1"	PHP_INI_ALL	Available since PHP 4.3.0.
zlib.output_handler	""	PHP_INI_ALL	Available since PHP 4.3.0.

For further details and definitions of the PHP_INI_* constants, see the Appendix I.

Here's a short explanation of the configuration directives.

zlib.output_compression boolean/integer

Whether to transparently compress pages. If this option is set to "On" in php.ini or the Apache configuration, pages are compressed if the browser sends an "Accept-Encoding: gzip" or "deflate" header. "Content-Encoding: gzip" (respectively "deflate") and "Vary: Accept-Encoding" headers are added to the output. In runtime, it can be set only before sending any output.

This option also accepts integer values instead of boolean "On"/"Off", using this you can set the output buffer size (default is 4KB).

Note: output_handler must be empty if this is set 'On' ! Instead you must use zlib.output_handler.

zlib.output_compression_level integer

Compression level used for transparent output compression.

zlib.output_handler string

You cannot specify additional output handlers if zlib.output_compression is activated here. This setting does the same as output_handler but in a different order.

Resource Types

This extension defines a file pointer resource returned by gzopen().

Predefined Constants

The constants below are defined by this extension, and will only be available when the extension has either been compiled into PHP or dynamically loaded at runtime.

FORCE_GZIP (integer)
FORCE_DEFLATE (integer)

Examples

This example opens a temporary file and writes a test string to it, then it prints out the content of this file twice.

Example 1. Small Zlib Example


<?php

$filename = tempnam('/tmp', 'zlibtest') . '.gz';
echo "<html>\n<head></head>\n<body>\n<pre>\n";
$s = "Only a test, test, test, test, test, test, test, test!\n";

// open file for writing with maximum compression
$zp = gzopen($filename, "w9");

// write string to file
gzwrite($zp, $s);

// close file
gzclose($zp);

// open file for reading
$zp = gzopen($filename, "r");

// read 3 char
echo gzread($zp, 3);

// output until end of the file and close it.
gzpassthru($zp);
gzclose($zp);

echo "\n";

// open file and print content (the 2nd time).
if (readgzfile($filename) != strlen($s)) {
        echo "Error with zlib functions!";
}
unlink($filename);
echo "</pre>\n</body>\n</html>\n";

?>

Table of Contents
gzclose -- Close an open gz-file pointer
gzcompress -- Compress a string
gzdecode -- Decodes a gzip compressed string
gzdeflate -- Deflate a string
gzencode -- Create a gzip compressed string
gzeof -- Test for end-of-file on a gz-file pointer
gzfile -- Read entire gz-file into an array
gzgetc -- Get character from gz-file pointer
gzgets -- Get line from file pointer
gzgetss -- Get line from gz-file pointer and strip HTML tags
gzinflate -- Inflate a deflated string
gzopen -- Open gz-file
gzpassthru -- Output all remaining data on a gz-file pointer
gzputs -- Alias of gzwrite()
gzread -- Binary-safe gz-file read
gzrewind -- Rewind the position of a gz-file pointer
gzseek -- Seek on a gz-file pointer
gztell -- Tell gz-file pointer read/write position
gzuncompress -- Uncompress a compressed string
gzwrite -- Binary-safe gz-file write
readgzfile -- Output a gz-file
zlib_get_coding_type -- Returns the coding type used for output compression